Night 1 of 1001 · The Merchant and the Jinni
The Merchant Who Kept His Promise
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Night had fallen over the palace. Scheherazade sat on her cushion, her little sister Dunyazad sat at the foot of the royal couch, and King Shahryar waited to hear what she would say.
Night 1
Scheherazade: It has reached me, O wise and happy King, that there was once a rich merchant who did business in many cities...
One hot day the merchant rode out to collect money that people owed him. The sun beat down, so he stopped to rest in the shade of a tree. He opened his saddlebags, took out some bread and dry dates, and began to eat. Each time he finished a date, he threw the stone away as hard as he could.
The jinni: Stand up! You killed my son, and now I will punish you!
Suddenly the ground had shaken, and a huge jinni, an ifrit, stood before him with a sword. The merchant could not believe his ears.
The merchant: Your son? I have never even seen your son!
The jinni: When you threw away your date stones, one of them struck my son as he walked by. And he died!
The merchant was full of sorrow. "If I did that, I did not mean to," he said. "It was an accident. Please forgive me." But the jinni would not listen. "There is no help for it," he said.
Then the merchant had an idea.
The merchant: Let me go home first, to pay my debts and say goodbye to my wife and children. I promise I will come back to this very place on the first day of the new year!
The jinni: Then swear it! One year, and not a day more.
The merchant: I swear it. I give you my word.
So the jinni let him go. The merchant rode home. He paid everyone what he owed. He told his family what had happened, and for a whole year he stayed with them. When the year was over, it was time to say goodbye. His family wept, and so did his neighbours.
One year later...
The merchant: I gave my word. I must go back.
He rode back to the garden and sat down under the same tree to wait. As he sat there, an old man came walking by, leading a gazelle on a chain.
The first old man: Why are you sitting alone in this place? Jinn live here!
The first old man: A man who keeps his promises! I will stay with you and see what happens.
The merchant had told him the whole story. Soon a second old man came by with two black dogs. Then a third old man arrived with a reddish-brown mule. Each one heard the merchant's story, and each one sat down beside him.
Three old men, three strange animals and one worried merchant.
Then a cloud of dust spun across the field like a whirlwind.
The jinni: Get up! It is time!
The merchant cried, and the three old men cried with him. Then the first old man, the one with the gazelle, stepped forward and bowed.
The first old man: O great king of the jinn! If I tell you the story of this gazelle, and you find it truly wonderful, will you forgive one third of this merchant's punishment?
The jinni: I will. Tell your tale!
So the old man began. "This gazelle," he said, "is really my wife, the daughter of my uncle. We were married for almost thirty years, but we had no children. So I married a second wife, and she gave me a son as bright as the full moon. When the boy was fifteen, I had to travel far away on business.
"But my first wife had secretly learned magic. While I was gone, she turned my son into a calf and his mother into a cow, and gave them both to the herdsman. When I came home, she told me, 'Your second wife has died, and your son has run away.'"
Long ago, while I was far away...
"For a whole year I was sad. Then came the time of the great festival, when people share food with their neighbours. I asked the herdsman to bring me a fat cow. He brought the cow that was really my second wife. When she saw me, she cried real tears. I felt sorry for her and could not go on. But my first wife insisted, and the herdsman led the poor cow away. I never saw her again, and I wished I had listened to my heart.
When the cow saw me, she cried real tears.
"Then the herdsman brought a calf. As soon as it saw me, it broke its rope, ran to me, and rubbed its head against me, crying. My heart melted. 'Let this calf go,' I said."
The first wife: You must take this calf! It is the festival!
"So, not knowing it was my own son, I took my knife and walked slowly toward the calf..."
But just then, Scheherazade saw the first light of dawn at the window, and she stopped.
Dunyazad: Oh, sister! What a wonderful story!
Scheherazade: That is nothing compared with what I could tell you tomorrow night, if the king lets me live.
King Shahryar: I will not harm her until I have heard the end of this story...
So the sun rose on a new day, and Scheherazade was safe. What happened to the calf? Find out in Night 2.
The lesson
A promise is worth keeping, even when it is hard. The merchant could have hidden at home, but he came back because he gave his word. And his honesty made three strangers want to help him.
Talk about it
- The merchant could have stayed home. Why do you think he came back?
- The merchant did not mean to hurt anyone. Was the jinni fair to be so angry?
- Why do you think the three old men stayed with the merchant?
- Why did Scheherazade stop the story at that exact moment?
New words
- merchant
- a person who buys and sells goods
- ifrit
- a very strong, fierce kind of jinni
- gazelle
- a small, fast animal like a deer that lives in dry lands
- herdsman
- a person who looks after cows and other farm animals
- swear
- to make a very serious promise
Who is in this story
Questions and answers
What is the story of the merchant and the jinni?
A merchant throws away date stones, and one of them kills a jinni's invisible son by accident. The jinni wants to punish him, but lets him go home for a year. The merchant keeps his promise and comes back, and three old men offer stories to save him.
Why was the jinni angry with the merchant?
The jinni believed one of the merchant's date stones had struck and killed his son. The merchant never saw the son, and it was an accident.
Who are the three old men in Night 1?
Three travellers who meet the merchant in the garden. One leads a gazelle, one has two black dogs, and one has a mule. Each animal has a strange story, and each old man hopes his story will save part of the merchant's life.
Is the merchant and the jinni the first story in the Arabian Nights?
Yes. In Richard Burton's 1885 translation, which this site follows, it is the first tale Scheherazade tells, on the very first night. You can read how the book began first.
Is the merchant and the jinni the same as Aladdin's genie?
No. Aladdin's story comes much later and was added to the book in French in the 1700s. Read more on our page about the Arabian Nights book.
From the book
Retold for children from Night 1 of "The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night", translated by Richard F. Burton (1,885), volume 1.
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